Andrea Ribeiro Hoffmann is Associate Professor of International Relations at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio). She has a Doctorate in Political Science/International Relations from the Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany; a Master in International Relations, and Bachelor in Economics from PUC-Rio. She was a visiting scholar at the London School of Economics (2008-2010), University of Erfurt (2010-2012) and Free University of Berlin (2012-2015). She is Currently Coordinator of the MA and PhD Academic Programs of PUC-Rio, and Principal Investigator of the Jean Monnet Network “Crisis-Equity-Democracy for Europe and Latin America” (http://jeanmonnetcrisisequitydemocracy.com/). Her research focuses on Comparative Regionalism, Latin American Regionalism, Inter-regionalism with a focus on EU-Mercosur, and Legitimacy and Democracy at the Global Level. She has published and done consultancies on these topics; among her latest publications are ‘Democratic Theory Questions Informal Global Governance’ with Monica Herz, International Studies Review, 2019; ‘Negotiating normative premises in democracy promotion: Venezuela and the Inter-American Democratic Charter’, Democratization, 2019, and Mercosur at 30: political ideologies and (de) legitimation strategies. International Affairs, 99(3), 2023.